Context: The Trade and Economic Partnership Agreement (TEPA) between India and the European Free Trade Association (EFTA)—Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway and Switzerland—entered into force on 1 October 2025.Beyond tariff reduction, TEPA aims to deepen...

Context: The Supreme Court has raised concerns over large disparities between the Price to Retailer (PTR) and Maximum Retail Price (MRP) of certain medicines, particularly anti-cancer drugs.In some cases, the difference has reportedly reached 1,000%,...

Context: India’s agricultural transformation over the past six decades has delivered food security and high production of cereals, milk, fruits, vegetables and fisheries.The next phase of transformation needs to focus on rural prosperity, by enabling...

Context: On 14 September, the First Ministers/leaders of Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland, along with Sinn Féin’s Mary Lou McDonald, signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) in Cardiff advocating greater self-determination and independence from...

Context: On 24 September, the UN General Assembly adopted its first-ever declaration on rising sea levels, recognising the growing threat to populations and vulnerable island nations.The declaration calls for countries to incorporate sea-level rise p...

Context: Union Cabinet approved GEC Phase III to integrate up to 135 GW of renewable energy into electricity grids by FY 2032–33.It also aims to reduce renewable-energy curtailment caused by grid constraints/stability requirements.Total outlay: >...

CAFE-III norms, notified on 29 September 2026, apply from 1 April 2027–31 March 2032.Focus shifts from individual models to manufacturer-wide fleet fuel efficiency, with greater incentives for cleaner technologies.CAFE: Corporate Average Fuel Economy...

Context: The Calcutta High Court has held that casteist slurs made on social media can attract provisions of the SC/ST (Prevention of Atrocities) Act, 1989.The Court held that the statutory requirement of “public view” is not restricted to physical s...

Context: The Union Government extended RoDTEP and RoSCTL export-support schemes till 31 December 2026, with no change in rates or structure.RoDTEP:Remission of Duties and Taxes on Exported Products.Refunds embedded/unrefunded central, state and local...