Q1. With reference to geothermal energy and carbon mineralisation, consider the following statements:
- Geothermal energy ultimately derives from the internal heat of the Earth and can be used for both electricity generation and direct heating.
- In the Carbfix approach, captured carbon dioxide is dissolved in water and injected into suitable basaltic formations, where it can be converted into stable carbonate minerals.
- Basalt is considered suitable for carbon mineralisation partly because it contains calcium-, magnesium- and iron-bearing minerals capable of reacting with dissolved carbon dioxide.
- Carbon mineralisation through the Carbfix approach primarily involves storing carbon dioxide as a compressed gas in underground geological cavities.
Which of the statements given above are correct?
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 1, 2 and 3 only
(c) 2, 3 and 4 only
(d) 1, 3 and 4 only
Answer: (b)
Explanation:
- Statement 1 is Correct: Geothermal energy exploits Earth's internal heat and has applications in both power generation and direct heating.
- Statement 2 is Correct: Carbfix dissolves captured CO₂ in water and injects it into suitable basaltic rocks, facilitating mineralisation.
- Statement 3 is Correct: Basalt contains reactive Ca, Mg and Fe-bearing minerals, which can form stable carbonates with dissolved CO₂.
- Statement 4 is Incorrect: The distinguishing feature of Carbfix is mineralisation, rather than simply storing CO₂ as a compressed gas.
