Context: The Centre’s ₹1.27 lakh crore Semicon 2.0 programme seeks to strengthen India’s semiconductor ecosystem through a three-part approach: developing strategic semiconductor technologies, creating commercially viable chips, and ensuring the...

Context: China and the US are increasingly focused on integrating scientific research with industrial production, using Artificial Intelligence (AI) to accelerate the transition from discovery → technology → manufacturing → economic and geopolit...

Context: Rapid replacement of computers, servers, networking equipment and storage devices is generating large volumes of electronic waste (e-waste).E-waste contains valuable materials such as copper, aluminium, gold, silver, palladium and critical m...