Q1. Assertion (A): Adoption of an equal-area map projection by an international organisation does not, by itself, determine the international status of a disputed territory.

Reason (R): A map projection is a mathematical method of representing the curved surface of the Earth on a plane, whereas determination of international boundaries involves political and legal considerations.

Which one of the following is correct?

(a) Both A and R are correct, and R is the correct explanation of A.
(b) Both A and R are correct, but R is not the correct explanation of A.
(c) A is correct, but R is incorrect.
(d) A is incorrect, but R is correct.

Answer: (a)

Explanation:
Both statements are correct. A map projection concerns how geographical information is displayed, particularly the trade-offs among area, shape, distance and direction. It does not itself confer sovereignty or settle territorial disputes. Thus, the mathematical nature of projections explains why adopting an equal-area representation cannot automatically amount to recognition of a territorial claim.