Context: The 1996 Ganga Water Treaty between India and Bangladesh is due to expire on 31 December 2026; Bihar has raised concerns over its impact on water availability and siltation.
- Treaty: Signed in 1996 between India and Bangladesh for sharing the waters of the Ganga.
- Key provision: Sharing of Ganga waters at Farakka, especially during the dry season (January–May).
- Duration:30 years; expires 31 December 2026.
- Farakka Barrage: Located in West Bengal on the Ganga; diverts water towards the Hooghly River to maintain navigability of the Kolkata port.
- Renewal: India is undertaking inter-ministerial consultations, including participation of Bihar’s representative.
- Bihar’s concern: Alleged increased silt accumulation and adverse impacts on water availability for drinking, irrigation and industry.
- Related concept: The treaty is an example of transboundary river-water cooperation between India and a neighbouring country.
Prelims Link: The Ganga enters Bangladesh as the Padma; after joining the Jamuna and Meghna systems, its waters ultimately drain into the Bay of Bengal.
