Context: The first cyclone of 2026 in the North Indian Ocean basin (Bay of Bengal and Arabian Sea), it originated as a low-pressure system over the southeast Bay of Bengal on October 23 and intensified into a cyclone by October 26.Landfall: It crosse...

What Is El Niño?Definition: El Niño is the abnormal warming of surface waters in the central and eastern equatorial Pacific Ocean, which alters atmospheric circulation and influences weather patterns worldwide.ENSO: El Niño is the warm phase of the E...

Context: The Northeast Monsoon (October–December) is crucial for southern India, particularly Tamil Nadu and adjoining regions, amid a deficient southwest monsoon and concerns over agricultural output and food inflation. Northeast Monsoon: Key F...

Context: World Meteorological Organization (WMO) warning: The ongoing El Niño is expected to peak in December 2026, persist through February 2027 and potentially rank among the strongest events since 1950.Global impact: Above-average temperatures are...

Context: India has improved its ability to forecast atmospheric disturbances and extreme weather events, with the India Meteorological Department (IMD) issuing alerts for events such as heavy rainfall and heat waves.However, a strengthening El Niño a...

Context: The India Meteorological Department (IMD) issues two pre-monsoon forecasts, generally in April and May, covering the expected performance of the southwest monsoon.In the year discussed, both forecasts anticipated a dry monsoon, largely influ...

Context: Uttar Pradesh experienced an intense three-day wet spell, causing flood-like conditions across several districts.The State received 66.5 mm rainfall against the normal 7.6 mm during the period; 56 of 75 districts recorded excess rainfall.At...

Context: A Super El Niño in 2026 is associated with unusually high temperatures and potential heat-related mortality globally, including India.El Niño: Periodic warming of central and eastern tropical Pacific Ocean waters, altering global atmospheric...